Google and Brookfield Renewable have signed what is being described as the largest hydropower agreement in global history, enabling Google to procure up to 3,000 MW of hydroelectric capacity across the United States under a newly formed Hydro Framework Agreement (HFA).

The agreement allows Google to secure long-term clean energy for its U.S. data center operations by tapping into Brookfield's hydroelectric portfolio, including assets undergoing relicensing or modernization. The first deals under the framework cover Brookfield's Holtwood and Safe Harbor hydroelectric facilities in Pennsylvania, totaling 670 MW and representing over $3 billion in power purchase agreements (PPAs).

Initial focus areas include the PJM and MISO electricity markets, with potential expansion to other regions. The PJM grid, covering much of the Mid-Atlantic, has struggled with renewable integration and grid congestion. Google's 20-year PPAs aim to help meet its clean energy goals in these regions while supporting broader grid stability.

The 252 MW Holtwood and 417.5 MW Safe Harbor projects--both on the Susquehanna River--are among the oldest operational hydropower plants in the U.S. and will undergo modernization and re-licensing through the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC).

Google said the deal strengthens its ability to power digital infrastructure with low-cost, carbon-free baseload energy. Brookfield emphasized the role of hydropower in meeting growing electricity demands from data centers and artificial intelligence.

Financial terms beyond project estimates were not disclosed. License renewals for both plants are expected before their respective expirations in 2030.

Source: power-eng.com